Insulin analogs have been developed because human insulins have limitations when injected under the skin. In high concentrations, such as in a vial or cartridge, human and also animal insulin clumps together. This clumping causes slow and unpredictable absorption from the subcutaneous tissue and a dose-dependent duration of action i. In contrast, insulin analogs have a more predictable duration of action. Insulin has been available since It was initially extracted from beef and pork pancreases.
Synthetic human insulin has replaced beef and pork insulin in the US. And now, insulin analogs are replacing human insulin. Insulin is usually injected into the fatty tissue just under the skin. This is also called subcutaneous tissue. Long-acting insulins are typically given once a day but may be given twice a day. If a long-acting insulin is used instead of an intermediate-acting insulin, it may prevent severe drops in blood sugar level in the middle of the night. Ultra long-acting insulin doses should only be adjusted once every 4 days.
Missed doses may be taken when you remember if at least 8 hours have passed since the previous dose. Mixtures of insulin can sometimes be combined in the same syringe, for example, intermediate-acting and rapid- or short-acting insulin. Not all insulins can be mixed together. For convenience, there are premixed rapid- and intermediate-acting insulin. The insulin will start to work as quickly as the fastest-acting insulin in the combination.
It will peak when each type of insulin typically peaks, and it will last as long as the longest-acting insulin. Examples include:. Adapted with permission from copyrighted materials from Healthwise, Incorporated Healthwise. This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise disclaims any warranty and is not responsible or liable for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use.
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All rights reserved. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated. It looks like your browser does not have JavaScript enabled. Please turn on JavaScript and try again. NPH insulin can last for up to 12 hours and is typically injected once or twice per day. It can last longer than 12 hours in people with certain medical conditions like kidney failure.
When you inject NPH insulin into the subcutaneous layer of your skin, the insulin spreads through your fat tissue and connective tissue until it reaches small blood vessels called capillaries.
Various factors can affect how long it takes for the insulin to reach your bloodstream and start acting.
These include:. NPH insulin has a slightly higher risk of causing low blood sugar than other types of insulin. Severe low blood sugar can cause symptoms like seizures , loss of consciousness, or death. Mild cases of hypoglycemia can cause symptoms like:. People with kidney or liver conditions are at a higher risk of developing severe low blood sugar.
NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin that helps keep your blood sugar stable between meals or overnight. It generally starts to act within 1 to 3 hours and has a peak time of about 6 to 8 hours. NPH insulin is FDA-approved to treat adults or children with type 1 or advanced type 2 diabetes and is often combined with quicker-acting types of insulin.
There are many types of insulin, but factors like the severity of your diabetes, other health conditions, and your lifestyle habits can influence which type of insulin is best for you. Diabetes hinders your ability to produce insulin. Without it, cells are starved for energy and must seek an alternate source, leading to serious….
Overdosing on insulin can cause serious side effects and even death. Understand the risks of insulin overdose and know what symptoms to watch for. Diabetes is more prevalent in certain racial and ethnic groups, including Black Americans. This may be due to genetic, social, and health factors. Human insulin is synthetically made in a lab and is able to replicate the insulin naturally found in your body.
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